Inkomoko yo guhumanya ikirere mubidukikije

Umwuka w'ubuhumekero

Iyo abantu bahumeka, bakeneye guhumeka umwuka, hanyuma ogisijeni igafatwa muri alveoli, hanyuma bakirukana imyuka yubumara kandi yangiza irimo imyuka myinshi ya dioxyde de carbone nizindi.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ibihaha byabantu bishobora kwirukana ubwoko burenga 20 bwibintu byuburozi, muribwo bwoko burenga 10 burimo uburozi buhindagurika.Kubwibyo, abantu mubyumba byuzuye, bidafite umwuka, akenshi bumva bazunguye, ingorane zo guhumeka, gukomera cyane mu gatuza, kubira ibyuya, isesemi, nibindi, ibimenyetso.Byongeye kandi, abarwayi barwaye indwara zandurira mu myanya y'ubuhumekero barashobora gukwirakwiza abandi indwara ziterwa no guhumeka, kwitsamura, gukorora, amacandwe n'amazuru.

Umwotsi w'itabi

Iyo itabi ryatwitswe, ritanga nikotine, tar, aside cyanohydrogen, nibindi. Nikotine itera imyakura, igabanya imiyoboro y'amaraso, ikazamura umuvuduko w'amaraso kandi igabanya amaraso mu ngingo, kandi ikongera ogisijeni ikongera umuvuduko w'umutima.Tar irimo ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, birimo urugero rwa benzo (a) pyrene, benzanthrene nibindi bintu, benzo (a) pyrene igira ingaruka zikomeye za kanseri.Amakuru yatangajwe n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi yerekana ko 90/100 by’impfu za kanseri y’ibihaha ku bagabo bari munsi y’imyaka 65, 75/100 bapfa bazize indwara ya bronhite idakira na emphysema biterwa no kunywa itabi.

Umutako w'imbere

Hamwe nimpinduka gahoro gahoro mubuzima, abantu bafite byinshi basabwa kugirango ubuziranenge bwibidukikije murugo kandi imitako yo murugo yabaye moda.Nyamara, abantu bakunze kwirengagiza ingaruka zubuzima n’umutekano byubuzima bwiza.

Amavuta yo murugo

Mu mijyi myinshi, gazi ya pipine irazwi cyane, naho iyindi ikoresha LPG.Nubwo LPG igabanya umukungugu wumwotsi numwotsi wamakara yaka, ariko ibyingenzi byingenzi ni propane nandi ma hydrocarbone, gukoresha nabi bizaba impanuka zuburozi.Ibyo bicanwa biratwikwa kugira ngo bikoreshe ogisijeni yo mu ngo kandi bisohora imyuka y’ubumara n’ibice nka monoxyde de carbone, dioxyde de carbone, dioxyde de sulfure, okiside ya azote, aldehydes, benzopyrene hamwe nuduce twinshi twa mikorosikopi yumukungugu, bitera umujinya wa nervice, conjunctiva na mucosa yubuhumekero, kandi birashoboka kanseri.

Guteka umwotsi wamavuta

Iyo ubushyuhe bwa peteroli buri hafi 110 ℃, hejuru yamavuta haratuje kandi nta mwotsi usohoka;iyo igeze kuri 130 ℃, impumuro yamavuta mbisi ikurwaho, ariko okiside ya aside oleic ibaho, ikabyara urukurikirane rwimiti ihindagurika, okiside yibinure, aside irike hamwe na vitamine zishushe amavuta arimo amavuta arangirika kuburyo butandukanye, kandi poroteyine zihinduka polymer;iyo ubushyuhe bw'isafuriya bugera kuri 150 ℃ Iyo ubushyuhe bw'isafuriya bugeze kuri 150 ℃, haba umwotsi;hejuru ya 200 ℃, hari umwotsi mwinshi, kubera ko glycerol mu mavuta pyrolysis yatakaje amazi, hari uburyohe bukabije bwibintu bya acrolein guhunga, bizatuma abantu bagira umuhogo wumye, amaso yunamye, izuru ryijimye ndetse no gusohora kwinshi, abantu bamwe ndetse nk'ubusinzi, abantu bamwe barwaye asima ya allergique cyangwa emphysema barashobora gutera umwuka mubi no gukorora.Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwamavuta, niko ibintu bigoye kubora, mugihe amavuta mumasafuriya yatwitse umuriro, ubushyuhe burenga 300 ℃, usibye kubyara acroleine, ariko kandi bukabyara ubwoko bwa diene kondensate, burashobora kuyobora kumyanya y'ubuhumekero idakira, no gukora mutation selile kanseri.Mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, amazi yijimye yijimye mu gikombe cyo gukusanya amavuta yikigereranyo kirimo ibintu byangiza umubiri byumuntu.